Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency with a peak incidence between the 2nd and 3rd decade of life. This diagnosis is characterized by inflammation of the appendix. Grossly the appendix can be enlarged and hyperemic; the appendiceal wall can show signs of thickening, abscess formation, or perforation. Microscopically, neutrophils are seen within the muscularis propria. In more severe cases, necrosis can be seen.